This thematic cluster investigates the common grounds on which non-Ukrainian individuals, associations, and parties cooperated with each other. We tackle cases where non-Ukrainians acted in unison against the Ukrainian governments, e. g. when non-Ukrainian politicians joined forces against minoritization policies, or when associations undertook joint efforts to spur women’s emancipation. We trace initiatives with explicit political, socio-economic, or gendered goals that influenced unity or disunity among non-Ukrainian actors. A closer look at individual cases of these interactions will show that the boundaries between national groups were blurred, and identification with few or no groups was not uncommon.

The key research questions of this work package are: What interactions among non-Ukrainians can be found regarding political strategies, cultural exchange, and socio-economic reforms? What took precedence in which cases: solidarity action for common economic and class interests or national differences? Were there any explicit cross-national societal initiatives?