This work package sets out to establish an overview of the names, numbers, and forms of the manifold civic organizations created by non-Ukrainians. This allows reconstructing how non-Ukrainians used the new norms of national self-determination to achieve greater cultural and social emancipation. We equally aim at deconstructing non-Ukrainians as internally homogenous groups since the revolution was also a social and cultural in-group experience. There was no consensus on how national culture, social hierarchies, or gender relations should look like in the future. Finally, we analyze the challenges non-Ukrainian national elites faced in mobilizing apolitical masses into a collective.

The key research questions of this work package are: In which organizations did non-Ukrainians organize themselves and what political, cultural, and socio-economic goals did they set themselves? What continuities and ruptures can be found before and after the revolution? Which in-group conflicts occurred among non-Ukrainians?